Wrench.



A. T. ANDERSON.

WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 1a, 1912.

Patented July 22, 1918.

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ANTON T. ANDERSON, OF OKMULG-EE, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 ANDERSON-BAILEY-CUMMINGS COMPANY, OF OKMULGEE, OKLA- HOMA, A CORPORATION.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 22, 1913.

Application filed December 18, 1912. Serial No. 737,539.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTON T. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at ()kmulgee, in the county of Okmulgee and State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in renches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in wrenches, and particularly to the type of wrench in which the head is pivotally mounted on the handle.

The object in view is the provision of a wrench especially adapted for manipulating nuts or other parts to be rotated, when such parts are disposed in relatively inaccessible positions, and to this end the invention is characterized by being provided with adjustable means for engaging nuts or other parts of varying sizes, and means for rotating such nuts by the reciprocal swinging of the handle.

The invention is further characterized by the provision, in combination with a handle and a jaw head pivoted thereto, of a doubleacting pawl and means for controlling the same for enabling rotary feeding of the head upon its pivot in either direction.

The invention also comprises certain other novel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing :-Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wrench embodying the features of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an edge view thereof. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken approximately on the plane indicated by line 33 of Fig. 2, parts being seen in elevation. Fig. 4: is a fragmentary, longitudinal section taken on the plane indicated by line 4-4 of Fig. 8. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the pawllocking spring detached.

Referring to the drawing by numerals, 1 indicates an operating lever or handle which is preferably bifurcated at one end forming parallel arms 2, 2 between which is disposed the jaw head 3 which head is pivoted as at t to the arms 2. The head t is substantially circular in its peripheral contour, the circle being struck on the axis of the pivot 4, and the periphery of the head is formed with ratchet teeth 5 adapted to be engaged by either of the points 6 or 7 of a double-pointed pawl 8. The pawl 8 is disposed between the arms 2 and between the main body of the lever 1 and the adjacent periphery of the head 3, the pawl being pivoted to the arms 2 as indicated at 9. The pawl 8 is tapered at the side of the pivot 9 dpposite that at which the points 6 and 7 appear to an edge 10 adapted to be engaged by a retaining spring 11. The spring 11 is preferably formed with aright angle portion or projection lapping a part of the handle 1 and secured thereto by a rive-t or other fastening means 12 which passes through the handle and through the lapping portion of the spring, the free end of the spring, or that opposite the portion engaged by rivet 12, being spaced from the material of the handle a distance suflicient for enabling depression of the spring out of engagement with pawl 8. The spring 11 is formed with transverse grooves 13 and 1 1, one disposed at one side and the other at the opposite side of the line of the aXis of pivotal movement of pawl 8, so that when the edge 10 is engaged by groove 13 which is at that side of the line of the pivot occupied by points 6, the said point 6 will be caused to engage the ratchet teeth 5, and when the groove 1 1 which is at the opposite side of the line of the pivot of pawl S is engaged by the edge 10, the point 7 of said pawl will be pressed into engagement withthe ratchet teeth 5. It is obvious, of course, that when either point 6 or 7 engages the ratchet teeth 5, the other point will be thrown out of engagement therewith.

The head 3 is preferably provided with a fixed jaw 15 and a sliding jaw 16, the latter being formed with a shank 17 slidingly mounted in a guideway 18 formed in the body of the head 3. The inner edge of the shank 17 is formed with the usual worm teeth 19 and engaged by the actuating worm 20 which is journaled on ,a shaft 21 in a recess 22 in the head 3. Thus the jaw 16, by rotation of the worm 20, may be moved toward or away from the jaw 15 for accommodating nuts or other parts to be operated, of varying sizes.

In operation, the wrench'is obviously capable of use as an ordinary ratchet wrench, and in addition is adapted particularly for manipulating parts in otherwise inaccessible positions. The jaw 16 is set relative to the jaw 15 for accommodating the particular nut or part to be rotated therebetween, and the head 3 is set with the opposing faces of the jaws at such angular relation to the handle 1 as permitted or required by the location of the nut to be operated upon rela tive to the swinging parts. If accessible with the head swung to a position with the faces of the jaws substantially at right angles to the axis of the handle, the head is so positioned, and the jaws are then applied to the nut wit-h the tapered edge 10 of pawl 8 disposed in that groove of spring 11 designed to retain the appropriate point of the pawl in engagement with the ratchet. That is to say, if the head is turned so that the jaws open to the right, the groove 13 is caused to engage the edge 10, so that the point 6 will engage the ratchet 5, and the operator then merely reciprocates the handle 1 through as great an are as permitted by adjacent elements, the first movement of the handle being toward the right, followed by a movement toward the left and then toward the right again, and so on. lVith the first move ment the head 3 is given a partial rotation by virtue of the engagement of the point 6, and with the first movement to the left the point 6 is caused to ride over the ratchet teeth 5 so as to engage a new tooth for the second movement to the right. This reciprocation is continued until the head 3 has assumed a position with the opening to the left of the handle, and of course the movement will have effected either an unscrewing of a nut or other element having a. right hand thread, or the threading on of a nut or other element having a left hand thread. After the head 3 has arrived at the extreme of its movement the wrench may be removed and inverted and the spring 11 depressed and the pawl 8 swung for causing the point 7 to engage teeth 5 and the operation continued. Instead of inverting the head, however, the operator, if he prefers, may simply swing the head back to its position with the jaws opening to the right and then the point 6 may continue its operation.

It is apparent, of course, that the changing of engagement of one of the points of the pawl 8 to the other point requires merely a manual depressing of the free end of spring 11 and the swinging of the pawl on its pivot for causing the tapered edge 10 to engage the respective opposite slot 13 or 14. It is also to be noted that the disposition of the slots 13 and 14 at opposite sides of the line of the axis of the pawl will cause the spring 11 to act on the pawl tending to retain the particular point 6 or 7 in engagement, according to which side of the line of the axis of the pawl the tapered edge 10 extends.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 2- In a wrench, the combination, with a handle and a jaw head pivotally connected thereto and having a rack, of a doublep-ointed pawl pivoted to the handle in position for having its points engage the rack, the said pawl extending beyond its pivot from its points to a tapered edge, and a plate spring fixed to the handle and extending across that plane of the axis of the pawl which is coincident with the central longitudinal plane of the handle, the said spring being formed with grooves at opposite sides of said plane and disposed for receiving the tapered edge of the pawl for retaining one or the other of said points in engagement with the rack.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANTON T. ANDERSON;

lVitnesses R. M. CUMMINGS, ROY DAVIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

